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Squeezing, Hearing and Illuminating Prostate Cancer: Searching for Diagnostic Signatures

Correia Faria E., Harvey T. J., Hughes C., Ward A. D., Henderson A., Clarke N. W., Brown M. D., Snook R. D. and Gardner P

In: SPEC2010 "Shedding Light on Disease: Optical Diagnosis for the new Millenium"; 26 Jun 2010-01 Jul 2010; University of Manchester. 2010.

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Abstract

Squeezing, Hearing and Illuminating Prostate Cancer Cells - Searching for Diagnostic SignaturesCurrently, the diagnosis of prostate cancer is achieved by annual PSA screening and digital rectal examination (DRE). However, the lack of sensitivity and specificity of PSA as a tool to diagnose prostate cancer, as well as its inability to predict the clinical aggressiveness of a tumour have limited its utility. In our work we search for diagnostic signatures for prostate cancer which might also provide information on the aggressiveness of the cancer. To this end we have used reflection mode Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS), Raman Laser Tweezers1 and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the applicability of these techniques to discriminate between prostate cancer cells of differing invasiveness and non-cancer prostate cells. Results of our work have shown that the cells can be discriminated spectroscopically using FTIR-PAS2 and Raman Laser Tweezers.3, 4 Sensitivities and specificities of >93% and 98% were achieved using Raman Laser Tweezers and Principal component-linear discriminate analysis (PCLDA). In addition, we have investigated the hypothesis that the mechanical properties of cells might be a useful marker for cancer progression. It has been suggested that cancer cells are less stiff than non-cancer cells and that invasive cancer cells are less stiff than non-invasive cancer cells. We have determined the stiffness of non-cancerous prostate cells (BPH), non-invasive prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) and highly invasive prostate cancer cells (PC-3) using an atomic force microscope (AFM).5 We have shown that prostate cancer cells were more easily deformed than non-cancer cells. However, the highly invasive PC-3 cells were stiffer than the non-invasive LNCaP.1. Snook R. D., Harvey T. J. , Correia Faria E. and Gardner P., Raman Tweezers and their Application to the Study of Singly Trapped Eukaryotic Cells, Integrative Biology, 2009, 1, 43-522. Harvey T. J., Henderson A., Gazi E., Clarke N. W., Brown M., Correia Faria E., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., Discrimination of Prostate Cancer Cells by Reflection Mode FTIR Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, The Analyst, 2007, 132, 292-2953. Harvey T. J., Hughes C., Ward A. D., Correia Faria E., Henderson A., Clarke N. W., Brown M. D., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., Classification of Fixed Urological Cells using Raman Tweezers, Journal of Biophotonics, 2009, 2, 47-694. Harvey T. J., Correia Faria E., Gazi E., Ward A. D., Clarke N. W., Brown M., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., A Preliminary Investigation into the Spectral Discrimination of Live Prostate and Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Using Raman Optical Tweezers, Journal of Biomedical Optics., 2008, 13, 064004–0640115. Correia Faria E., Ma N., Gazi E., Gardner P., Brown M., Clarke N. W. and Snook R. D., Measurement of Elastic Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells using AFM, The Analyst, 2008, 133, 1498-500.

Bibliographic metadata

Type of resource:
Content type:
Conference contribution
Type of conference contribution:
Poster
Conference contribution title:
Squeezing, Hearing and Illuminating Prostate Cancer: Searching for Diagnostic Signatures
Publication date:
2010-06
Author(s) list:
Correia Faria E., Harvey T. J., Hughes C., Ward A. D., Henderson A., Clarke N. W., Brown M. D., Snook R. D. and Gardner P.
Conference title:
SPEC2010 "Shedding Light on Disease: Optical Diagnosis for the new Millenium"
Conference venue:
University of Manchester
Conference start date:
2010-06-26
Conference end date:
2010-07-01
Abstract:
Squeezing, Hearing and Illuminating Prostate Cancer Cells - Searching for Diagnostic SignaturesCurrently, the diagnosis of prostate cancer is achieved by annual PSA screening and digital rectal examination (DRE). However, the lack of sensitivity and specificity of PSA as a tool to diagnose prostate cancer, as well as its inability to predict the clinical aggressiveness of a tumour have limited its utility. In our work we search for diagnostic signatures for prostate cancer which might also provide information on the aggressiveness of the cancer. To this end we have used reflection mode Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS), Raman Laser Tweezers1 and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the applicability of these techniques to discriminate between prostate cancer cells of differing invasiveness and non-cancer prostate cells. Results of our work have shown that the cells can be discriminated spectroscopically using FTIR-PAS2 and Raman Laser Tweezers.3, 4 Sensitivities and specificities of >93% and 98% were achieved using Raman Laser Tweezers and Principal component-linear discriminate analysis (PCLDA). In addition, we have investigated the hypothesis that the mechanical properties of cells might be a useful marker for cancer progression. It has been suggested that cancer cells are less stiff than non-cancer cells and that invasive cancer cells are less stiff than non-invasive cancer cells. We have determined the stiffness of non-cancerous prostate cells (BPH), non-invasive prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) and highly invasive prostate cancer cells (PC-3) using an atomic force microscope (AFM).5 We have shown that prostate cancer cells were more easily deformed than non-cancer cells. However, the highly invasive PC-3 cells were stiffer than the non-invasive LNCaP.1. Snook R. D., Harvey T. J. , Correia Faria E. and Gardner P., Raman Tweezers and their Application to the Study of Singly Trapped Eukaryotic Cells, Integrative Biology, 2009, 1, 43-522. Harvey T. J., Henderson A., Gazi E., Clarke N. W., Brown M., Correia Faria E., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., Discrimination of Prostate Cancer Cells by Reflection Mode FTIR Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, The Analyst, 2007, 132, 292-2953. Harvey T. J., Hughes C., Ward A. D., Correia Faria E., Henderson A., Clarke N. W., Brown M. D., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., Classification of Fixed Urological Cells using Raman Tweezers, Journal of Biophotonics, 2009, 2, 47-694. Harvey T. J., Correia Faria E., Gazi E., Ward A. D., Clarke N. W., Brown M., Snook R. D. and Gardner P., A Preliminary Investigation into the Spectral Discrimination of Live Prostate and Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Using Raman Optical Tweezers, Journal of Biomedical Optics., 2008, 13, 064004–0640115. Correia Faria E., Ma N., Gazi E., Gardner P., Brown M., Clarke N. W. and Snook R. D., Measurement of Elastic Properties of Prostate Cancer Cells using AFM, The Analyst, 2008, 133, 1498-500.
Keyword(s):

Record metadata

Manchester eScholar ID:
uk-ac-man-scw:106851
Created by:
Correia Faria - bill, Elsa
Created:
14th January, 2011, 16:23:39
Last modified:
22nd December, 2011, 19:14:17

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