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Dietary intake in sensitized children with recurrent wheeze and healthy controls: a nested case-control study.
Murray CS, Simpson B, Kerry G, Woodcock AA, Custovic A
Allergy. 2006;61( 4):438-42.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of asthma and allergic disease remains unexplained.Several risk factors have been implicated including diet, in particular poly-unsaturated fats and antioxidant intake.METHODS: A nested case-control study comparing the dietary intake of sensitized children with recurrent wheeze (age 3-5 years) and nonsensitized children who had never wheezed was carried out within an unselected population-based cohort.Cases and controls were matched for age, sex, parental atopy, indoor allergen exposure and pet ownership.Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and nutrient analysis program.RESULTS: Thirty-seven case-control pairs (23 male, mean age 4.4 years) participated.Daily total polyunsaturated fat intake was significantly higher in sensitized wheezers (g/day, geometric mean, 95% confidence intervals: 7.1, 6.4-7.9) compared with nonsensitized nonwheezy children (5.6, 5.0-6.3, P = 0.003).Daily omega-3 and omega-6 fat intakes were not significantly different between the two groups.No significant differences were found in intake of any antioxidant or antioxidant cofactors between the groups.CONCLUSIONS: Young sensitized wheezy children had a significantly higher total polyunsaturated fat intake compared with nonsensitized nonwheezy children.However, we were unable to distinguish a significant difference in specific poly-unsaturated fat intakes.Otherwise the children in both groups had a very similar nutritional intake.