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  • Home
  • Research
  • Research environment
  • Research governance, ethics and integrity
  • Ethics
  • Research involving animals
  • Outcomes of Manchester's animal research
  • Replacement, reduction and refinement
    • Dummy could transform animal welfare in radiotherapy research
    • Making stroke research in animals more ethically sound
    • Using machine learning to reduce animals in research
    • Improving methods in visual research
    • Human stem cells

Replacement, reduction and refinement case studies

Manchester scientists regularly carry out research aimed at finding ways to avoid the use of animals, decrease their use and minimise their suffering. This is known as the 3Rs: replacement, reduction and refinement. In this section, we take a closer look at some of the work our scientists are doing in this area.

  • nerve cells

    Dummy could transform animal welfare in radiotherapy research

    A new device will both increase accuracy markedly and reduce the numbers of animals needed to conduct radiotherapy research.

    Read more

  • Zebrafish embryo scan

    Making stroke research in animals more ethically sound

    A new method of mimicking haemorrhagic strokes in zebrafish embryos is creating a more ethical model for laboratory research.

    Read more

  • Hands

    Human stem cells

    Recent research looked at the use of human stem cells as a way to reduce our reliance on animals in research. 

    Read more

  • digestive system

    Improving methods in visual research

    Explore our recent developments in behavioural tests and analysis that may reduce the number of mice needed in visual research.

    Read more

  • nerve cells

    Using machine learning to reduce animals in research

    We have developed a form of machine learning which could dramatically reduce the numbers of animals needed by medical researchers.

    Read more

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  • Research
  • Research environment
  • Research governance, ethics and integrity
  • Ethics
  • Research involving animals
  • Outcomes of Manchester's animal research
  • Replacement, reduction and refinement
    • Dummy could transform animal welfare in radiotherapy research
    • Making stroke research in animals more ethically sound
    • Using machine learning to reduce animals in research
    • Improving methods in visual research
    • Human stem cells
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